PartIWriting (30 minutes)

　　Directions：For thispart, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots.Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place ofhuman beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried towrite at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions:In this section, you will hear twolong conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.

　　Questions 1 to 4 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

　　1. A)Project organizer

　　B)Public relations officer.

　　C)Marketing manager.

　　D)Market research consultant.

　　2.A)Quantitative advertising research.

　　B)Questionnaire design.

　　C)Research methodology.

　　D)Interviewer training.

　　3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.

　　B)They examine relations between producersand customers.

　　C)They look for new and effective ways topromote products.

　　D)They study trends or customer satisfactionover a long period.

　　4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.

　　B)Checking charts and tables.

　　C)Designing questionnaires.

　　D)The persistent intensity.

　　Questions 5 to 8 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

　　5.A)His view on Canadian universities.

　　B)His understanding of higher education.

　　C)His suggestions for improvements in highereducation.

　　D)His complaint about bureaucracy in Americanuniversities.

　　6.A)It is well designed.

　　B)It is rather inflexible.

　　C)It varies among universities.

　　D)It has undergone great changes.

　　7.A)The United States and Canada can learnfrom each other.

　　B)Public universities are often superior toprivate universities.

　　C)Everyone should be given equal access tohigher education.

　　D)Private schools work more efficiently thanpublic institutions.

　　8.A) University systems vary from country tocountry.

　　B)Efficiency is essential to universitymanagement.

　　C) It is hard to say which is better, apublic university or a private one.

　　D) Many private university in the U.S. Areactually large bureaucracies.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will heartwo passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or fourquestions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

　　9.A) Government’srole in resolving an economic crisis.

　　B) The worsening real wage situation aroundthe world.

　　C) Indications of economic recovery in theUnited States.

　　D) The impact of the current economic crisison people’s life.

　　10.A)They will feel less pressure to raiseemployees’ wages.

　　B) They will feel free to choose the mostsuitable employees.

　　C) They will feel inclined to expand theirbusiness operations.

　　D) They will feel more confident in competingwith their rivals.

　　11.A) Employees and companies cooperate topull through the economic crisis.

　　B) Government and companies join hands tocreate hobs for the unemployed.

　　C) Employees work shorter hours to avoidlayoffs.

　　D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.

　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

　　12.A) Whether memory supplements work.

　　B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.

　　C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.

　　D) Whether a magic memory promises success.

　　13.A) They help the elderly more than theyoung.

　　B) They are beneficial in one way or another.

　　C) They generally do not have side effects.

　　D) They are not based on real science.

　　14.A)They are available at most countryfairs.

　　B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.

　　C)They are collected or grown by farmers.

　　D)They are prescribed by trainedpractitioners.

　　15.A)They have often proved to be as helpfulas doing mental exercise.

　　B)Taking them with other medications mightentail unnecessary risks.

　　C)Their effect lasts only a short time.

　　D)Many have benefited from them.

　　Section C

　　Directions:In this section, you will hearthree recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. Therecordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recordingyou have just heard.

　　16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turnout to be to developing nations.

　　B)How the World Meteorological Organizationstudies natural disasters.

　　C)How powerless humans appear to be in faceof natural disasters.

　　D)How the negative impacts of naturaldisasters can be reduced.

　　17.A)By training rescue teams foremergencies.

　　B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.

　　C)By changing people’sviews of nature.

　　D)By relocating people to safer places.

　　18.A)How preventive action can reduce theloss of life.

　　B)How courageous Cubans are in face ofdisasters.

　　C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.

　　D)How destructive tropical storms can be.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recordingyou have just heard.

　　19.A)Pay back their loans to the Americangovernment.

　　B)Provide loans to those in severe financialdifficulty.

　　C)Contribute more to the goal of a widerrecovery.

　　D)Speed up their recovery from the housingbubble.

　　20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.

　　B)Many smaller regional banks are going tofail.

　　C)It will be hard for banks to provide moreloans.

　　D)Many banks will have to lay off someemployees.

　　21.A)It will work closely with thegovernment.

　　B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.

　　C)It will try to lower the interest rate.

　　D)It will try to provide more loans.

　　22.A)It won’t helpthe American economy to turn around.

　　B)It won’t do anygood to the major commercial banks.

　　C)It will win the approval of the Obamaadministration.

　　D)It will be necessary if the economy startsto shrink again.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recordingyou have just heard.

　　23.A)Being unable to learn new things.

　　B)Being rather slow to make changes.

　　C)Losing temper more and more often.

　　D)Losing the ability to get on with others.

　　24.A)Cognitive stimulation.

　　B)Community activity.

　　C)Balanced diet.

　　D)Fresh air.

　　25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms ofaging.

　　B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towardslife.

　　C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthylifestyles.

　　D)Seeking advice from doctors from time totime.

　Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions:In this section,there is a passagewith ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage throughcarefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2witha single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.

　　Pursuing a career is an essential part ofadolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adultwhen he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers likePiaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.

　　Piaget argued that once adolescents enter theworld of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them tocreate representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without thetempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents tobecome _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in acharacteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“Trueadaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put hisideas to work.”

　　Of course,youthful idealism is oftencourageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out ofcontext,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some peoplerefer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining andaccepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and tomature.

　　As careers and vocations become lessavailable during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Suchdifficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles insociety.For this reason,community interventions and government job programsthat offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also helpto stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.

　　A)automatically I)incidentally

　　B)beneficial J)intolerant

　　C)capturing K)occupation

　　D)confused L)promises

　　E)emphasizing M)recession

　　F)entrance N)slightly

　　G)excited O)undertakes

　　H)existence

Section B

　　Directions:In this section,you are going toread a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement containsinformation given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from whichthe information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Can societies be rich and green?

　　[A]“If our economiesare to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being ofthe world’s people enhanced—notjust in this generation but in succeeding generations—wemust make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on whichour economic activity depends.”That statement comesnot,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-worldgreenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician witha reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.

　　[B]A surprising thing for the man who runsone of the world’s most powerful economies tosay?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in Marchat the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on theHuman Environment in Stockholm.

　　[C]“The protectionand improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects thewell-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of asequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and theWorld Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.

　　[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UNagencies and development groups—many for conferencessuch as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protectionand economic progress is a common thread.

　　[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is moreprofitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium EcosystemAssessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughtsturn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate thewealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show arelationship between the two.

　　[F]If such an indicator exists,it is wellhidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and thereare so many other factors affecting wealth—such as theoil deposits—that teasing out a simpleeconomy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.

　　[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vastfour-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier thisyear,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—mightbe less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.

　　[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)inits World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced severalsuch examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmentaldegradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a muchhigher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources aroundthem.

　　[I]But there are also many examples ofgrowing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the worldalike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use foragriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were bothattempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bustdecline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very largesupply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for anindustry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entirecommunities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.Therewere no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,letalone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystemre-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the oncemighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the seafloor.

　　[J]There is a view that modern humans areinevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea isthat we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are livingbeyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extentof this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worthof environmental goods and services—the implicationbeing that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.

　　[K]Whether this is right,and if so where andwhen the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are onlybeginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also thereason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmentalissues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to gohand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is tobuild a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackleenvironmental degradation.

　　[L]This view assumes that rich societies willinvest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse aswe get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleanerworld?Not necessarily;“In the industralisedcountries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation andtechnological development,”it continues.In otherwords,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for differentreasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth willsurely make our world cleaner.

　　[M]Clearly,richer societies are able toprovide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorercommunities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,cleanrivers,clean air and poison-free food.They also,however,use far more naturalresources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.

　　[N]A case can be made that rich nationsexport environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.Asa country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gasemissions.The figures available will not be completely accurate.Measuringemissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issuessurrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in anycase,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in nationalstatistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easilydiscernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;andthe impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.

　　[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factorinvolved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,butcontributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep itsstandard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopianlevels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and acrossour diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race isliving beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.

　　36.Examples show that both rich and poorcountries exploited the environment for economic progress.

　　37.Environmental protection and improvementbenefit people all over the world.

　　38.It is not necessarily true that economicgrowth will make our world cleaner.

　　39.The common theme of the UN reports is therelation between environmental protection and economic growth.

　　40.Development agencies disagree regardinghow to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.

　　41.It is difficult to find solid evidence toprove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting thenatural environment.

　　42.Sustainable management of ecosystems willprove rewarding in the long run.

　　43.A politician noted for being cautiousasserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.

　　44.Poor countries will have to bear the costfor rich nations’ economic development.

　　45.One recent study warns us of the danger ofthe exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.

　Section C

　　Directions:There are 2 passages in thissection. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the followingpassage.

　　Interactive television advertising, whichallows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, hasbeen pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, wouldsoon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the lastten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of adigital-media consultancy.

　　So the news that Cablevision, and Americancable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customerson October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlaywill appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button torequest a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allowcustomers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.

　　Television advertising could do with a boost.Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization ofdigital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercialswill be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offersconcrete measurements like click-through rates—especiallyimportant at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch ofinteractive advertising,“many of the dollars that wentto the Internet will come back to the TV,”says DavidKline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.

　　In theory, interactive advertising can engageviewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran aninteractive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.

　　The amount spent on interactive advertisingon television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will beworth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions ofdollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and TimeWarner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, acoalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertisingavailable across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs andsells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almostto triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggestsatellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers withinteractive ads.

　　Yet there are doubts whether people watchingtelevision, a“lean back”medium,crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, comparedwith less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty.Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.

　　46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive televisionadvertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines4-5, Para.1)?

　　A)Interactive television advertising willbecome popular in 10-12 years.

　　B)Interactive television advertising has beenunder debate for the last decade or so.

　　C)Interactive television advertising issuccessful when incorporated into situation comedies.

　　D)Interactive television advertising has notachieved the anticipated results.

　　47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s plannedinteractive TV advertising program?

　　A)Pretty positive.

　　B)Totally indifferent.

　　C)Somewhat doubtful.

　　D)Rather critical.

　　48.What is the impact of the wide use ofdigital video recorders on TV advertising?

　　A)It has made TV advertising easilyaccessible to viewers.

　　B)It helps advertisers to measure theclick-through rates.

　　C)It has placed TV advertising at a greatdisadvantage.

　　D)It enables viewers to check the sales itemswith ease.

　　49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?

　　A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.

　　B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.

　　C)It helps attract investments in thecompany.

　　D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.

　　50.How does the author view the hitherto highclick-through rates?

　　A)They may be due to the novel way ofadvertising.

　　B)They signify the popularity of interactiveadvertising.

　　C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTVviewers.

　　D)They indicate the future direction of mediareform.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the followingpassage.

　　What can be done about mass unemployment? Allthe wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easyanswers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problemsare“structural,”and will takemany years to solve.

　　But don’t botherasking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemploymentin America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’sactually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we hadthe intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structuralunemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for notpursing real solutions.

　　The fact is job openings have plunged inevery major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-timeemployment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged inevery major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined populationnot much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So theevidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainlysuffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become sopopular?

　　Part of the answer is that this is whatalways happens during periods of high unemployment—inpart because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeplyrooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.

　　I’ve been looking atwhat self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the GreatDepression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now.Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis,because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. Itcannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscalstimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.

　　But now, as then, powerful forces areideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficientscale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that weface huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to donothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and oursociety.

　　So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structuralunemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.

　　51.What does the author think is the rootcause of mass unemployment in America?

　　A)Corporate mismanagement.

　　B)Insufficient demand.

　　C)Technological advances.

　　D)Workers’ slowadaptation.

　　52.What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?

　　A)Self-evident.

　　B)Thought-provoking.

　　C)Irrational.

　　D)Groundless.

　　53.What does the author say helped bring downunemployment during the Great Depression?

　　A)The booming defense industry.

　　B)The wise heads’benefit package.

　　C)Nationwide training of workers.

　　D)Thorough restructuring of industries.

　　54.What has caused claims of huge structuralproblems to multiply?

　　A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.

　　B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.

　　C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of theindustries.

　　D)Economists’ failureto detect the problems in time.

　　55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

　　A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.

　　B)To offer a feasible solution to thestructural unemployment.

　　C)To show the urgent need for the governmentto take action.

　　D)To alert American workers to the urgencyfor adaptation.

Part IV Translation (30minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write youranswer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究。这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。